What characterizes endemic species?

Endemic species are characterized by their unique presence in a specific geographical area. This means these species are naturally found only in that particular region and nowhere else in the world. For example, certain plants or animals may only be found on a specific island or in a unique ecological niche, illustrating their adaptation and evolutionary history linked closely to that locale.

The importance of endemic species lies in their role in biodiversity and ecosystem health. They often evolve in isolation, leading to specialized traits that help them thrive in their unique environmental conditions. This distinctive occurrence makes them vulnerable to habitat loss and climate change, as their survival is intricately tied to the specific environment they inhabit.

In contrast, the other options describe characteristics that do not apply to endemic species. For instance, being found in multiple geographical locations or having existed for millions of years does not define an endemic species, nor does adapting to various environments. The uniqueness to a specific location is the hallmark feature defining endemism.