How does genetic diversity contribute to the survival of species?

Genetic diversity plays a crucial role in the survival of species by allowing them to adapt to changing environments. When a population has a high level of genetic variability, it means that individuals possess a wide range of traits, which can be beneficial in the face of environmental challenges such as climate change, shifts in habitat, or the emergence of new pathogens.

In a genetically diverse population, some individuals may harbor traits that enable them to thrive under new conditions or resist diseases. This adaptability increases the likelihood that some members of the population will survive and reproduce, ensuring the continuation of the species. On the other hand, populations with low genetic diversity may struggle to adapt, leading to decreased survivability and potential extinction in the long term.

In contrast, the other choices present concepts that do not accurately reflect how genetic diversity influences survival. For example, while competition within populations can be impacted by various factors, genetic diversity itself does not inherently decrease competition. Additionally, increased genetic diversity generally leads to greater resilience against diseases rather than increased vulnerability. Lastly, genetic diversity does not have a direct impact on the number of reproductive cycles; rather, it influences the health and viability of populations, which in turn can affect reproduction indirectly.