____ determines which projects or development require a full or partial impact assessment study?

Screening is the process that identifies whether a project or development proposal requires a full or partial environmental impact assessment (EIA). This initial step is crucial because it helps regulatory authorities determine the significance of potential environmental effects a project may have. By analyzing the project's characteristics and its context, screening ensures that only those projects that potentially pose significant environmental risks are subjected to comprehensive assessments.

This process involves reviewing project details and applicable legislation to ascertain the need for further evaluation. Effective screening helps streamline the EIA process and focuses resources on projects that may have substantial environmental consequences, ultimately leading to more effective environmental management.